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Dental Engine. No. 233,294. Patented Oct. 12, 1880.

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E. T. STARR Dental Engine.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

ELI T. STARR, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO JAMES W. WHITE,J. CLARENCE WHITE, AND H. M. LEWIS, OF SAME PLACE, AS TRUSTEES, UNDERTHE WILL OF SAMUEL S. WHITE, DEOEASED.

DENTAL ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of- Letters Patent No. 233,294, dated October12, 1880.

' Application filed July 10, 1880. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, ELI T. STARR, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDental Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more particularly to dental engines of the classwhich embody as a 1o motor an engine or Wheel driven by a column ofwater from the usual service-pipes of a streetmain. Such enginesare'exemplited in the reissued Letters Patent granted to W. W. EvansOctober 5, 1875, as No. 6,677, and in original Letters Patent grantedtoS. D. Engle, November 2, 1875, as No. 169,345, and to said Evans,

November 2, 1875, as Nos. 169,346 and 169,347.

The object ofmy invention is to provide a dental engine having a widerange of movement, so as to enable the operating-tool, which is drivenby a rotary tool-holder turningin bearings in a hand-piece casing, to bemoved freely about and directed at the angle or point desired withoutinterruption to the transmission of the driving-power, while avoidingthe ernployment of a motor, such as a foot-treadle operated by theexertions of the operator or dentist.

My invention constitutes more especially an improvement upon the engineshown in the aforesaid Letters Patent No. 169,346, and consists ofcertain new combinations and organizations of devices, which are recitedat the close of the specification.

1n the accompanying drawings, which show my improvements as embodied inthe best way now known to me, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the enginein condition for work. Fig. 2 is a front elevation thereof', showingclearly the feed or induction and the exit or waste pipes which supplywater to the motor to drive it and permit the escape of the waste orspent iiuid. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section, through the motor and therocking joint, of the enginearm on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1, showing theaxes of the driving-pulley and en gine-arm to be in line; and Fig. 4 isa vertical section through the motor onthe line 44 of Fig. 3, to showmore clearly the construction of the interior of the motor. 5o

Aback plate, bracket, or crane, A, is pivoted to swing horizontally insuitable bearings a a, fastened to the wall ot' the operating-room or tosome other support. Said bracket A is provided with two arms, a a2,preferably, the bracket bein g represented as of skeleton form. The armc is forked, preferably, for the reception of the inner or lower end ofan enginestandard, B. Said engine-standard is pivoted in the forks ofthe arm a', so as to be capable 6o of rocking vertically freely, andinasmuch as the bracket to which the engine-standard is jointed is freeto swing horizontally, the engine-standard has a wide range of movement.The engine standard, when rocked down- 65 Ward, is automaticallyreturned to a normal position by a Weight, O, sliding vertically on anupright post, a3, of the bracket A, and connected with said standard bya cord, c, one end of which is fastened to the weight and the 7o otherto a clip, b, on the standard, the cord passing over a pulley, a, on theupper end of the aforesaid post a3 on its way from the weight to thestandard.

Instead of the standard being returned to its normal position when thedeflecting or rocking strain is removed, it may be counterbalancedmerely, or be iixed positively at the angle of inclination desired, bymeans of any Well-known and suitable device.

The upper end of the engine-standard is tubular, and is tted with apivotal shank, d, of a pulley-head or lateral arm, D, so that saidlateral arm may turn freely on the standard. Said lateral arm istubular, in this instance, and affords bearing for a tubular spindle, E,on which a pulley, E', is keyed, so as to revolve said spindle. Aiiexible power-conveyer or torsion-shaft, F, is passed into or extended.through said tubular spindle E, and is clamped 9o or secured therein, soas to be driven by the spindle. The opposite or outer end of said exibleshaft is connected with the butt-end of a spindle tool-holder or chuck,G, so as to give said tool-holder a rapid revolving Inotion in itsbearings in a hand-piece casing, H,

of any suitable or well-known construction, said hand-piece beinggrasped by the hand and movable freely about to operate with the toolinserted in and driven by the tool-holder at any desired point. Inasmuchas the shaft which drives the tool-holder is flexible,the tool may beturned and operated in all direc tions without interrupting thetransmission ofthe driving-power. The hand-piece casing H and thetubular lateral arm or engine-head D are connected, in this example, bya iiexible tube or sheath, I, which envelops the flexible driving-shaftto protect it. Said nexible shaft and exible enveloping-sheath maybeofthe usual construction, and are preferably substantially the same asthose shown in the Stow reissue of March 4, 1879, and as used with thewelLknown S. S. White dental engine, and therefore need not beparticularly shown or elaborately described herein.

The hand-piece of the engine may be like those in common use adapted fora flexible shaft, and it, too, need not be shown or described in detail.

Instead of the lateral arm or engine-head D possessing the capacity ofturning on the engine-standard only, it may be connected to saidstandard by crosswise pivotal connections, so that it may both turnaround said standard and rock thereon.

Motion is communicated to the pulley E', which is usually called thedriven pulley, by a belt-connection, J, passing from the driving-pulleyK of the engine, the axis of which pulley K is in line with the axis ofthe pivot or joint around which the engine-standard B vibrates or rocksvertically, so as to avoid disturbance in the proper relation of thebelt-connection to the pulleys when the standard is rocked or vibrated.

The driving-pulley K is keyed or fixed to the shaft lof one of twowater-wheels, L L', which are mounted in the casing M of the motor, andsaid motor, by the escape or waste pipe N, in this example, is mountedou the bracket A, so as to partake of its movements, said pipe N beingpassed through a vertical socket or opening in the arm a2 of thebracket, a collar or annular shoulder, n, on the said pipe resting uponor tilting the walls of said socket, to limit the downward movement ofthe pipe.

The two water-wheels L L' are alike in construction, and have theirshafts or journals upon which they turn arranged in the same horizontalplane across the center of the casing, the shaft l of the wheel L beingextended through the casing at one side and through an external ring orplate, m, on said casing for the reception ofthe drivin g-pulley, so asto revolve it. The end ofthe shaft I, which is extended through thecasin gand external plate, m, is suitably packed or hushed to preventleakage, while the opposite end of said shaft is seated in anoutwardly-closed socket in an external plate or ring, m', on the side ofthe casing M opposite that to which the plate m is attached. The ends ofthe shaft l' of the wheel L' are also passed through the hat sides ofthe casing M, and iitted in sockets in said plates m m'. By this methodof fitting the ends of the shafts of the wheels in the external platesleakage is prevented, while irm bearings are obtained.

One of the side plates, 'm2 constituting part of the motor-casing, is deachable, as shown in Fig. 3, and is held in place by being fitted in anannular seat in the edge of the circular rim of the casing, and clampedby a iianged scre\vcap, m, a suitable packing-ring or gasket, m4, beinginterposed between the cap and casing to insure a tight joint.

The wheels L L are provided on their peripheries with ribs and grooves,and interlock at one side, as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Above saidwheels, inside the casing M, is a hood or plate, M', having concaveseats formed in its lower edge for the close fitting of the wheels, theiat sides of which wheels lit snugly the sides of the casing M.

The inletpipe O is at the top of the motor, and communicates with a feedopening, o, passing centrally through the hood M', the said inlet-pipebeing bent over and extended downward a short distance,and connectedwith ahose or exible pipe leading from the spigot of the service-pipe orfrom the water-supply, whereby, as the outlet or escape pipe, which isat the bottom of the motor, is likewise connected by a flexible pipewith the waste-pipe, the bracket may be freely moved horizontally whilethe motor is at work without interfering with the passage of the iiuidto the wheels.

A stop-cock, P, is fitted in the inlet-pipe near the motor, so as to bewithin convenient reach of the operator at all times and enable him tohave complete control and stop or start the en gine at pleasure.

The operation of the engine is as follows: The cock is opened and thecolumn of water passes into the feed-pipe 0 and through the feed-openingo, and strikes directly against the ribs of the wheels L L', beingthrown out laterally and turning the wheels in opposite directions, asindicated by the arrows thereon, the water iiowing out in the directionof rotation of the wheels into the chamber formed below them, from whichchamberit passes or escapes through the outlet-pipe N into thewastepipe, and is conducted off, so as not to afford obstruction to therevolution of the wheels. The wheel L, as it is revolved by thewatercolumn, turns the driving-pulley K, and the motion of said pulleyis communicated by the belt-connection J to the driven pulley E' andliexible shaft which drives the tool-holder and operating-tool.

The capacity of the engine-standard B and swinging bracket A has alreadybeen mentioned.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, substantially ashereinbefore set forth, of the horizontally-swinging ICO bracket orcrane-plate, the vertically-rocking engine-standard, carried by saidbracket, and the motor, also carried by said bracket, so as to partakeof its movements.

2. The combination, substantially as herein' before set forth, of thehorizontally-swinging bracket, the engine-standard rocking thereon, thedriven pulley of said standard, the ilexible shaft rotated by saidpulley, and the motor mounted upon said bracket, so as to partake of itsmovements 'and drive the said pulley.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of thehorizontally-movable bracket, the engine-standard rocking thereon,

the device to return said standard to its normal position when thedeflecting strain is removed, the driven pulley of said standard, theflexible shaft rotated by said pulley, the toolholder rotated by saidshaft, the motor mounted upon the bracket, so as to partake of itsmovements, the drivin g-pulley of the motor, and the belt-connectionbetween the driving and driven pulleys.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

ELI T. STARR. Witnesses:

GEORGE P. MORGAN, WILLIAM H. GILBERT.

